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USS ''Margaret'' (SP-527) was a yacht acquired by the U.S. Navy during World War I and in commission as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1918. She was assigned to escort and patrol duty in the North Atlantic Ocean. Unfortunately, she had numerous mechanical problems and her commanding officer -- Lieutenant Commander Frank Jack Fletcher (1885-1973), a future admiral and aircraft carrier task force commander of World War II fame – did not consider her an effective fighting ship. Fletcher would finally ask the Navy to condemn her as unfit for naval service-something the Navy promptly did. == Construction, acquisition, conversion, and commissioning == ''Margaret'', was built in 1899 by John Roach & Sons at Chester, Pennsylvania, as the private steam yacht ''Eugenia''. She later was renamed ''Marjorie'' and then ''Margaret''. She was not intended for seagoing service, having a quite narrow beam for her length and making her prone to incurring damage in a seaway, and was designed to allow her wealthy owner to entertain people aboard in an opulent setting in a safe harbor. Her final private owner, Isaac Emerson, the chief executive officer of Bromo-Seltzer, ensured that she had a fine wine galley and an exquisite dining area.〔Regan, p. 53,〕 In August 1917,〔Regan, p. 53, states that the sale took place on 16 October 1917, but that was ''Margaret''s commissioning date, and she already had been purchased and converted by then.〕 the U.S. Navy purchased ''Margaret'' from Emerson for overseas service as a patrol vessel in World War I, paying $104,000 USD for her, $10,000 more than her assessed value of $94,000. The yachts fragility had resulted in premature aging and warping of her hull, and she was found to be top-heavy. Nonetheless, she underwent conversion to a patrol vessel. Her impressive wooden civilian masts were replaced by stubbier ones that were more suited to naval service, her dining area was converted into a berthing compartment, and her boom was removed. A chart house, pilot house, and bridge with wings were added, as were two 3-inch (76.2-mm) guns (one forward and one aft) and depth charge racks..〔Regan, pp. 53-54.〕 After conversion, ''Margaret''s top-heaviness had increased, her stern sagged under the weight of the added naval equipment, and she rode so deep in the water that her portholes were barely above the waterline even when she was in port. She also suffered from numerous leaks.〔Regan, pp. 53-54.〕 When her first commanding officer, Lieutenant Commander Fletcher, reported aboard, he ordered ''Margaret'' to undergo post-conversion sea trials. These revealed ''Margaret''s top-heaviness, and also showed that she could make no more than 6 knots under ideal conditions and usually no more than 4 knots in a calm sea - too slow to outrun the blast effects of her own depth charges. She rolled heavily, and was prone to engine breakdowns; her trials began with her losing power in a current and striking a pier, fouling her anchor on it, and ripping her anchor stanchion off. Fletcher assessed that she needed 35 additional tons of ballast, but could find room for no more than five tons.〔Regan, p. 54.〕 With no experienced officers aboard except Fletcher, USS ''Margaret'' (SP-527) was commissioned on 16 October 1917. During the ceremony, an inexperienced seaman hoisted the United States flag upside down.〔Regan, p. 54.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「USS Margaret (SP-527)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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